Leisure time第四期
一、The Wider World
1、US economists win Nobel prize
拍卖理论获经济学诺奖
The 2020 Nobel Prize in Economics was awarded to Paul R. Milgrom and Robert B. Wilson for improvements to auction theory and inventions of new auction formats, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced on Monday.
瑞典皇家科学院10月12日宣布，将2020年诺贝尔经济学奖授予斯坦福大学的两位教授保罗•R•米尔格罗姆和罗伯特•B•威尔逊，以表彰他们对拍卖理论的改进和发明了新拍卖形式。
Milgrom and Wilson, professors at Stanford University, have studied how auctions work, and used their insights to design new auction formats for goods and services that are difficult to sell in a traditional way, such as radio frequencies, the academy said in a statement.
瑞典皇家科学院在声明中表示，米尔格罗姆和威尔逊研究了拍卖是如何运作的，并运用他们的见解为无线电频谱等难以用传统方式销售的商品和服务设计了新的拍卖形式。
Their discoveries have benefited sellers, buyers and taxpayers around the world, it said.
他们的发现令全球各地的卖家、买家和纳税人从中受益。
2、900M online audio-and-video users
网络视听用户规模超9亿
The number of internet audio-and-video users in China reached 901 million as of June, covering 95.8 percent of all internet users in the country, according to a new report. The report was released at the 8th China Internet Audio & Video Convention, held in the southwestern Chinese city of Chengdu.
近日在成都举行的第八届中国网络视听大会上发布的一份新报告显示，截至2020年6月，我国网络视听用户规模达9.01亿，占我国网民总量的95.8%。
The number of short-video users hit 818 million in June, with an average time of 110 minutes spent on short-video apps per person each day, surpassing that of instant messaging services, the report said.
报告显示，截至6月，我国短视频用户规模为8.18亿，短视频人均单日使用时长达110分钟，使用时长超越了即时通讯服务。
E-commerce livestreaming is the fastest-growing internet application in 2020, said the report.
报告称，电商直播是2020年增长最快的互联网应用。
3、Playing games improves memory
儿时玩电玩提升认知力
A number of studies have shown playing video games can lead to structural changes in the brain, including increasing the size of some regions, or to functional changes, such as activating areas responsible for attention or visual-spatial skills.
大量研究表明，玩电子游戏会导致脑结构变化，包括增加某些区域的大小，或导致大脑产生功能性改变，如激活负责注意力或视觉空间技能的区域。
New research from the Universitat Oberta de Catalunya has gone further, showing how cognitive changes can take place even years after people stop playing.
加泰罗尼亚欧贝塔大学的最新研究进一步表明，即使不玩游戏好多年后，其导致的认知变化也会发生。
This is one of the conclusions of the article, published in Frontiers in Human Neuroscience.
这是一篇发表在《人类神经科学前沿》上的论文得出的一个结论。
According to Marc Palaus, the author of the study, what most video games have in common are elements that make people want to continue playing, and that they gradually get harder and present a constant challenge.
论文作者马克•帕劳斯表示，游戏的最大共同点是，它们包含使人们想要玩下去的元素，而且逐渐变得越来越难，并提出了持续的挑战。
These two things are enough to make it an attractive and motivating activity, which, in turn, requires constant and intense use of our brain's resources. Video games are a perfect recipe for strengthening our cognitive skills, almost without our noticing, he said.
这两件事足以使它具有吸引力和激励性，反过来又需要不断地高强度地使用我们的大脑资源。帕劳斯指出：电子游戏是增强我们认知能力的完美秘诀，潜移默化地发挥着作用。
二、Charming Slang
英语俚语是英语中用于非正式场合的常用语言，幽默风趣，地域性强。但很多时候，我们听到英语俚语时，往往无法理解其中的意思，这就需要我们在平时生活中不断学习与积累。今天我们就带领大家开启英语俚语的学习旅程吧。
1、no-brainer
例句：But, yet again, he tried to put a little brain into the usual no-brainer kind of movie.
但这次，他仍在这种通常无需动脑的影片上花了一番心思。
2、all set
I’m all set. Let’s go
我都准备好了咱们出发吧
3、Say cheese. (照相时)笑一个
例句：Everybody look at here and say cheese.
所有的人看着这里说“茄子”。
4、love handles 游泳圈、中广、胖的腰围
例句：I exercise every day, but I can’t get rid of these love handles .
我每天运动，可就是没法减掉我的“游泳圈”
5、have a cow 非常生气
例句：I thought he was going to have a cow when I told him I'd lost his key.
当我告诉他我丢了钥匙时，我以为他会大发雷霆的
6、on the nose 正好，恰好
例句：Your comments are on the nose
你的评语真是恰到好处。
7、pull one’s leg 开玩笑
例句：Hey,stop pulling my leg
嘿,你别跟我开玩笑了
8、Come to a head进入紧要关头或者危急阶段
例句：The matters have come to a head.
9、cross one’s fingers希望得到好运气
例句：I willkeep my fingers crossedfor you today.
希望幸运之神今天眷顾你
10、the bottom line 最主要的
例句：The bottom line is that we have to make a decision today.
重要的是我们必须今天作出决定。
三、Life of Studying Abroad
Last week, we checked the bottom five countries of the 2020 world's best study abroad countries. Today, let's continue to count the top five countries!
上周我们盘点了 2020 全球最佳留学国家的排名后五位的国家，今天让我们继续盘点前五位的国家吧！
U. S.A 美国
For a long time, the United States is a popular choice for international
students in the world, and the number of students studying in the United States is also increasing year by year. This vast country spans the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean, and you can have a unique study experience no matter which state you are in.
一直以来，美国都是世界各国留学生选择的热门国家，国内的美国留学人数也在逐年攀升。这个广阔的国家横跨大西洋和太平洋，无论你在哪个州都能获得独特的留学体验。
Recommended institutions: Columbia University, University of Chicago, Duke University
Language requirements: IELTS 7.0 and above
推荐院校：哥伦比亚大学、芝加哥大学、杜克大学
语言要求：雅思 7.0 分及以上
Switzerland 瑞士
Switzerland is one of the cleanest countries in Europe, with the highest epidemic prevention and hygiene standards in the world. Switzerland is not only internationally renowned for its chocolate, cheese, watches and sabers, but its universities are also among the best in terms of education quality.Switzerland is a beautiful country with magnificent scenery and world-class cities. It is also considered as one of the safest countries in the world.
瑞士是欧洲最清洁的国家之一，防疫及卫生标准都是全球最高的。瑞士不仅以其巧克力、奶酪、手表和军刀而享誉国际，其大学在教育质量上也名列前茅。瑞士是一个美丽的国家，拥有壮丽的景色和世界一流的城市，也被认为是世界上最安全的国家之一。
Recommended institutions: Zurich Federal Institute of technology, University of Zurich, University of Geneva
Language requirements: IELTS 6.0-7.0 and above
推荐院校：苏黎世联邦理工学院、苏黎世大学、日内瓦大学
语言要求：雅思 6.0-7.0 分及以上
Germany 德国
Germany is the third largest study area in the world and a popular choice for European students. German colleges and universities have high teaching quality, serious attitude towards education, no industrialization of education, and strong academic atmosphere. As Europe's largest economy, Germany can also help foreign students achieve their career goals after completing their studies.
德国是世界上第三大留学地带，是欧洲留学的热门选择。德国高校教学质量高，对待教育态度认真，没有将教育产业化，学术氛围浓厚。作为欧洲最大的经济体，德国也可以帮助留学生们在完成学业之后实现职业目标。
Recommended institutions: University of Munich, University of Cologne, University of Mannheim
Language requirements: IELTS 6.5 or above
推荐院校：慕尼黑大学、科隆大学、曼海姆大学
语言要求：雅思 6.5 分及以上
Australia has world-renowned high-quality institutions, nearly 60% of which are located in the world's top 500, with high academic qualifications, attracting a large number of international students to study in Australia every year. Australia's population is highly urbanized. Nearly half of the people live in Sydney and Melbourne. Many cities have been rated as one of the most suitable places to live in the world.
澳大利亚拥有享誉世界的优质院校，近 60% 的学校位于世界 500 强，学历含金量高，每年都吸引了一大批国际生赴澳留学。澳大利亚人口高度城市化，有将近一半的国民都居住在悉尼、墨尔本两大城市，多个城市都曾被评为世界上最适宜居住的地方之一。
Recommended institutions: University of Sydney, University of Melbourne, University of Queensland
Language requirements: IELTS 6.5 or above
推荐院校：悉尼大学、墨尔本大学、昆士兰大学
语言要求：雅思 6.5 分及以上
Canada is one of the countries with complete education system and high education level in the world. Its high-quality public education system in North America has won global recognition for its diploma! At the same time, Canada has a very perfect social welfare system in the world, which is recognized as a safe country in the world. Its learning and living environment is beautiful, safe and comfortable.
加拿大是世界上教育体系完整、教育水平高的国家之一，优质的北美公立教育体系，毕业文凭获全球认可！同时，加拿大拥有世界非常完善的社会福利体系，是世界公认的安全国度，学习和生活环境优美，安全舒适。
Recommended institutions: University of Toronto, University of Ottawa, McGill University
Language Requirements: IELTS 6.5 or above
推荐院校：多伦多大学、渥太华大学、麦吉尔大学
语言要求：雅思 6.5 分及以上
四、Poetry Roamer
The most distant way in the world
——Rabindranath Tagore
The furthest distance in the world
Is not the way from birth to the end
It is when I stand in front of you
But you don't understand I love you.
The furthest distance in the world
Is not when I stand in front of you
You don't know I love you
It is when my love is bewildering the soul
But I can't speak it out
The furthest distance in the world
Is not that I can't say I love you
It is after missing you deeply into my heart
I only can bury it in my heart
The furthest distance in the world
Is not that I can't say to you I miss you
It is when we are falling in love
But we can't stay nearby
The furthest distance in the world
Is not we love each other
But can't stay together
It is we know our true love is breaking through the way
We turn a blind eye to it
So the furthest distance in the world
Is not in two distant trees
It is the same rooted branches
But can't depend on each other in the wind
The furthest distance in the world
Is not can't depend on each other in the wind
It is in the blinking stars who only can look with each other
But their trade intersect
The furthest distance in the world
Is not in the blinking stars who only can look with each other
It is after the intersection
But they can't be found from then on afar
The furthest distance in the world
Is not the light that is fading away
It is the coincidence of us
Is not supposed for the love
The furthest distance in the world
Is the love between the bird and fish
One is flying in the sky
The other is looking upon into the sea
世界上最遥远的距离
——泰戈尔
世界上最遥远的距离
不是生与死的距离
而是我就站在你面前
你却不知道我爱你
世界上最遥远的距离
不是我就站在你面前
你却不知道我爱你
而是爱到痴迷
却不能说我爱你
世界上最遥远的距离
不是我不能说我爱你
而是想你痛彻心脾
却只能深埋心底
世界上最遥远的距离
不是我不能说我想你
而是彼此相爱
却不能够在一起
世界上最遥远的距离
不是彼此相爱
却不能够在一起
而是明知道真爱无敌 .
却装作毫不在意
所以世界上最遥远的距离
不是树与树的距离
而是同根生长的树枝
却无法在风中相依
世界上最遥远的距离
不是树枝无法相依
而是相互瞭望的星星
却没有交汇的轨迹
世界上最遥远的距离
不是星星没有交汇的轨迹
而是纵然轨迹交汇
却在转瞬间无处寻觅
世界上最遥远的距离
不是瞬间便无处寻觅
而是尚未相遇
便注定无法相聚
世界上最遥远的距离
是飞鸟与鱼的距离
一个翱翔天际
一个却深潜海底
五、Different Winds
壮族是中国人口最多的一个少数民族，主要聚居在我国的南方，壮族地区石灰岩分布很广，是世界有名的岩溶地区，石山拔地而起，石山里有岩洞和地下河，这种地形构成了“桂林山水甲天下，阳朔山水甲桂林”的名胜景色。今天我们跟大家分享一下壮族的传统习俗。
Because of the relatively large population, Zhuang people have lived with the Han people for a long time, and even some Zhuang people's life customs have been basically sinicized. Therefore, the Zhuang people's life customs are very close to the Han people in some aspects, but the traditional folk customs are still preserved.For example, in many places, Zhuang women carry buckets or bamboo tubes to spring holes and riversides to get new water for luck, while men carry lanterns to burn incense paper in temples.
壮族人因人口相对较多，长期与汉族人生活在一起，甚至有些壮族人生活习俗也基本汉化了，所以壮族人的生活习俗与汉族人在某些方面很接近，但传统的民俗还是保留下来。例如：有不少地方的壮族妇女会提着水桶或竹筒到泉眼、河边打“新水”，讨个吉利，男人则提着灯笼去庙社烧香化纸。
Zhuang people, male and female, have been learning to sing folk songs since their childhood when they were four or five years old, forming the custom of learning songs in childhood, singing in youth and teaching songs in the elderly. In rural areas, folk songs are used to express feelings, regardless of farming in the fields, cutting firewood in the mountains, weddings and funerals, festivals and social love between young men and women.Singing has almost become an indispensable part of Zhuang people's life. Therefore, the vast land of Zhuang is called land covered with piano keys by poets
壮族人无论男女，从四五岁的童年时代就开始学唱山歌，形成幼年学歌，青年唱歌，老年教歌的传帮带习俗。在农村，无论下地种田，上山砍柴，婚丧嫁娶，逢年过节或青年男女间的社交恋爱等，都用山歌来表达情意。唱歌几乎成为壮族人民生活中不可缺少的内容。因此，广阔的壮乡被诗人称为“铺满琴键的土地”。
Song fair is an ancient custom of Zhuang nationality, with a wide mass and a long history. It is generally held in Spring Festival, Mid Autumn Festival and other festivals. A large song fair usually lasts for two or three days. It is usually sung in the daytime on the hillside outside the village or in the fields, and at night it is held in the village. Every time the song fair comes, the young men and women of Zhuang nationality will dress up and bring gifts to gather with them from all over the place to find their friends. At noon or at nightfall, there is a climax of duels, mainly between men and women. There are collective duels and two duels. The content of the duels is very extensive, including astronomy, geography, history and politics, production and life. There are love songs, farming songs, flower songs, etc.
歌圩是壮族古老的风俗习惯﹐具有广泛的群众性和悠久的历史，一般在春节和中秋节等节日举行。一次大的歌圩往往延续两三天，白天唱为日歌圩，一般在村外山坡上或田野间举行，晚上唱为夜歌圩，在村中举行。每当歌圩来临，壮族男女青年便着盛装，带上礼物，从四面八方向歌场集中，物色歌友。中午时分或夜幕降临之际便形成对歌高潮，主要是男女互相对歌，有集体对歌，也有二人对歌，对歌内容非常广泛，包括天文地理、历史政治、生产生活各个方面，有情歌、农事歌、花歌等等。
播音主持：赵婷婷田金桐王怡鑫王振康王瑞雪
责任编辑：郭 华陈嘉咏张佳卉
责任审核：薛可瑶